6 Hence, its deficiency is among the main factors in metabolic bone disorders, leading to skeletal abnormalities, short stature, and delayed growth in children and osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and pathologic fractures among adults. 6- 8 Vitamin D leads to an increase in the absorption of phosphorus and calcium through intestines and their reduced excretion through kidneys, while improving ontogenesis. 4- 5 Several studies have emphasized its role in preventing diseases such as heart diseases, malignancies, inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, immune disorders, and infectious diseases. Vitamin D has a significant role in the health, survival, and fertility of humans. 1 According to the global estimations, more than 1 billion people are known to suffer from vitamin D deficiency, a matter of considerable importance in the 21 st century. Among the deficiencies of all micronutrients, vitamin D deficiency is currently considered a pandemic.
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